Kiawak Ashoona

KIAWAK ASHOONA      (KIUGAK; KIOWAK; KEEOWNER; KIOGA)

 

Date of Birth:    September 16, 1933                              Male/Female:    Male E7-1103
Place of Birth:   Cape Dorset
Mother:             Pitseolak
Father:              Ashoona
                                                                                                                                               
As far as life experience goes Kiawak’s formative period is different than most people’s who are producing art in Canada.  Being a very private man, Kiawak produces artwork in seclusion so he can be alone with his thoughts.  He takes art very seriously and for him, it is a relaxed and unhurried productive process.  Kiawak recognized that he had an ability to do things with his hands and most of his art production is based on the use of hand tools.  Probably the greatest volume of his artwork and the most significant pieces were produced when he was at an outpost camp. His link to older cultures and oral traditions is evident in the number of sculptures he has produced in which spiritual figures, shamans, creatures of mythology and storytelling are reoccurring themes.  Kiawak is reserved and quiet and does not tout his accomplishments.  Although the visible signs (money, accolades) of the Molson’s Award are evident, Kiawak is extremely proud of the fact that his mother, Pitseolak Ashoona had also won an award and in turn he is proud that his recognition sets a standard for his children.

Kiawak began carving in the early 1950’s and generally works in large-scale sculpture, depicting a variety of subject matter including hunters, mother and child and shamanic themes.

(Note: Photos #31 and #504 in Swinton, 1972, are now attributed to Kiawak Ashoona in Swinton, 1992).

*Reflections on Kiawak Ashoona from a telephone interview conducted with Robert Kussy (son-in-law of Kiawak Ashoona), conducted at the Inuit Art Centre, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, November 2000.

EXHIBITIONS:

June                                                                
The Discreet Collector
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

May 1953                                                         
Eskimo Carvings: Coronation Exhibition
Gimpel Fils
London, England
(illustrated catalogue)

1959                                                                
Northern Exhibit
Stratford Festival
Stratford, Ontario

1960, 1963                                                       
Cape Dorset Graphics
(annual collection)
(illustrated catalogue)

December 1961                                                
Contemporary Canadian Eskimo Art
Gimpel Fils
London, England
(illustrated catalogue)

1962                                                                
Cape Dorset Print Collection (printmaker)
(annual collection)
(illustrated catalogue)

January – February 1963                                   
ART ESKIMO
Galerie de France
Paris, France
(illustrated catalogue)

1965                                                                
Four Artists from Cape Dorset
Lippel Gallery
Montreal, Quebec

1967                                                                
Eskimo Sculpture
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Presented by the Manitoba Legislative Building
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(illustrated catalogue)

1967                                                                
The Eskimo Art Collection of the Toronto-Dominion Bank
Toronto-Dominion Bank
Toronto, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

January – February 1967                                   
Cape Dorset – A Decade of Eskimo Prints and Recent Sculpture
National Gallery of Canada
In cooperation with the Canadian Eskimo Art Committee
Ottawa, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

April – May 1967                                              
Carvings and Prints by the Family of Pitseolak
Robertson Galleries
Ottawa, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

1968                                                                
Eskimo Sculpture
Man & His World, Arctic Pavilion
Montreal, Quebec

November – December 1968                            
Eskimo Carvings
Waddington
Montreal, Quebec
(illustrated catalogue)

May – June 1969                                              
Eskimo Sculpture ‘69
Robertson Galleries
Ottawa, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

November 1969                                                
Arctic Art
Lippel Gallery, presented by Place Bonaventure
Montreal, Quebec
(illustrated brochure)

1970                                                                
Mythology in Stone
Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec
Montreal, Quebec

June – July 1970                                              
Sculpture
Canadian Eskimo Arts Council
A competition/exhibition organized by a contribution to the Centennial of the NWT.
Yellowknife, NWT
(illustrated catalogue)

September – October 1970                               
The Woodget Collection of Eskimo Art and Artifacts
Nova Scotia Museum of Fine Art
Halifax, Nova Scotia
(catalogue)

1971- 1973                                                       
Sculpture/Inuit: Masterworks of the Canadian Arctic
Canadian Eskimo Arts Council
Ottawa, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

January – February 1971                                   
The Art of the Eskimo
Simon Fraser Gallery
Simon Fraser University
Burnaby, British Columbia
(catalogue)

September – October 1971                               
Eskimo Carvings and Prints from the Collection of York University
Art Gallery of York University
Downsview, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

June – September1973                                    
Cultures of the Sun and the Snow: 
Indian and Eskimo Art of the Americas
Musee des beaux-arts de Montreal
Held at “Man & His World”
Montreal, Quebec
(illustrated catalogue)

December 1973 – January 1974                         
Eskimo Sculpture (and Drawings)
Waddington Galleries
Montreal, Quebec
(illustrated catalogue)

August 1974                                                     
Ten Masterworks Exhibition Artists
Gallery of the Arctic
Victoria, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

October – November 1974                                
Eskimo Art
Queens Museum
Flushing, New York, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

1975                                                                
Cape Dorset – Selected Sculpture from the Collection of the Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(illustrated catalogue)

October – November 1976                               
Selections from the Toronto-Dominion Collection of Eskimo Art
National Arts Centre
Ottawa, Ontario

November 1976                                                
Hunters of Old
Inukshuk Galleries Inc.
Waterloo, Ontario

1977                                                                
The Contemporary Eskimo Prints and Sculpture
Amon Carter Museum of Western Art
Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

January 1977 – June 1982                                 
The Inuit Print/L’estampe Inuit
Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and The National Museum of Man
Ottawa, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

1978                                                                
Looking South
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

October 1978                                                  
Kiawak, Kumartok, Kaka:  The Sons of Pitseolak Ashoona – Cape Dorset
The Innuit Gallery of Eskimo Art
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated brochure)

October - November 1978                                
Eskimo Art
Embankment Gallery
London, England
(illustrated catalogue)

 

November – December 1978                             
Polar Vision:   Canadian Eskimo Graphics
Jerusalem Artists’ House Museum
Jerusalem, Israel
(illustrated catalogue)

March – April 1979                                            
Sculpture of the Inuit: Lorne Balshine
Collection/Lou Osipov Collection/Dr. Harry Winrob Collection
Surrey Art Gallery
Surrey, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

July 1979 – May 1980                                       
Inuit Art in the 1970’s
Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development
And the Agnes Etherington Art Centre
Kingston, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

September – October 1979                               
Inuit Sculpture from the Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Eugene B. Power
University of Michigan Museum of Art
Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

September - October 1979                                
Taleelayu-Sedna: An exhibition of Eskimo Art
Derived from the legends of the sea goddess
Gallery One
Toronto, Ontario

October 1979                                                   
Sculpture of the Inuit: Masterwork Exhibitors of the Canadian Arctic
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

January – February 1980                                   
Inuit Master Artists of the 1970’s
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia

January – February 1980                                   
Cape Dorset
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(illustrated catalogue)

February – March 1980                                     
Collectors’ Choice – An Exhibition of Important Inuit Sculpture
Waddington Galleries
Toronto, Ontario

February – March 1980                                     
First Annual Collectors’ Invitational Exhibition
Inuk l’Eskimo Art
San Francisco, California, U.S.A.

April- May 1980                                                
The Klamer Family Collection of Inuit Art from the Art Gallery of Ontario
University of Guelph
Guelph, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

October 1980                                                   
Inuit Sculpture Prints and Drawings
Theo Waddington Galleries
Montreal, Quebec

1981                                                                
Cape Dorset Sculptors and Their Sculpture
The Inuit Art Collection
Mr. and Mrs. James F. Bacon
Manchester, Connecticut, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

May – June 1981                                              
Four Cape Dorset Sculptors
Theo Waddington Galleries
Toronto, Ontario

September1981                                                
The Year of the Bear
The Arctic Circle
Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.

September – October 1981                               
The Jacqui and Morris Shumiatcher Collection of Inuit Art
Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery
University of Regina
Regina, Saskatchewan
(illustrated catalogue)

June – October 1982                                        
Inuit Art from the Art Centre Collection
Macdonald Stewart Art Centre
Guelph, Ontario

May 1983                                                         
Out of the Depths: Whalebone Sculpture
The Innuit Gallery of Eskimo Art
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated brochure)

May 1983 – April 1985                                      
Grasp Tight the Old Ways; Selections from the Klamer Family Collection of Inuit Art
Art Gallery of Ontario
Toronto, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

October 1983                                                   
Fantasy and Stylization – Cape Dorset Sculpture
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver,
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

October – December 1983                                
Inuit Masterworks: Selections from the Collection of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
McMichael Canadian Collection
Kleinburg, Ontario

February 1984 – June 1986                               
Arctic Vision: Art of the Canadian Inuit
Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development
And Canadian Arctic Producers
Ottawa, Ontario
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

March – June 1984                                           
The Oral Tradition
National Museum of Man
Ottawa, Ontario

June – August1984                                           
Cape Dorset Prints: Twenty-five Years
National Gallery of Canada
Ottawa, Ontario

October 1984                                                   
Images of the Far North
Studio Art Gallery
State University of New York
Binghamton, New York, U.S.A.

February 1985 – April 1986                                
Die Kunst aus der Arktis
Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Ottawa presented by Commerzbank
Frankfurt, Germany
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

March – May 1985                                            
Uumajut: Animal Imagery in Inuit Art
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(illustrated catalogue)

May 1985                                                         
Gems in Arctic Jade: Sculpture of the Inuit
Arctic Artistry
Hartsdale, New York, U.S.A.

October 1985                                                   
Our Hoods are Full
Arctic Artistry
Hartsdale, New York, U.S.A.

December 1985                                                
Masterwork Sculpture 1985
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

July 1986                                                         
Baffin Island Sculpture
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

July 1986 – February 1988                               
Selections from the John and Mary Robertson Collection of Inuit Art
Agnes Etherington Art Centre
Queen’s University
Kingston, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

March 1988                                                      
Arctic Forms – Inuit Sculpture
Arctic Inuit Art Gallery
Richmond, Virginia, U.S.A.

May 1988                                                         
Die Kunst aus der Arktis
Presented by Inuit Galley, Mannheim in Gutersloh
Gutersloh, Germany

June – September 1988                                    
The World Around Me
University of Lethbridge Art Gallery
Lethbridge, Alberta

October 1988                                                   
Opening Exhibition
Nunavut Fine Arts Limited
Toronto, Ontario

November 1988                                               
Primitive Art from the Arctic
Arctic Artistry
Hartsdale, New York, U.S.A.

November 1988 – April 1989                             
Night Spirits: Cape Dorset 1960 – 1965
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba

December 1988 – 1989                                     
Im Schatten der Sonne: Zeitgenossische Kunst
Der Indianer und Eskimos in Kanada/In the Shadow of the Sun: Contemporary Indian and Inuit Art in Canada
Canadian Museum of Civilization
Hull, Quebec
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

January 1989                                                    
Cold Stones, Warm Hearts: Inuit Art from the Northwest Territories
University of Richmond
Richmond, Virginia, U.S.A.

January – February 1989                                  
Images of the Far North
Arctic Artistry
Held at the Eire County Fairgrounds
Hartsdale, New York, U.S.A.

June 1989                                                        
Masters of the Arctic: An Exhibition of Contemporary Inuit Masterworks
Presented by the Amway Corporation at the United Nations General Assembly
New York, New York, U.S.A.
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

January – September 1990                                
Arctic Mirror
Canadian Museum of Civilization
Hull, Quebec

September- October 1990                                 
Through the Eyes of the Shaman
Arctic Artistry
Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, U.S.A.

November 1990                                                
Inuit Masterworks
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

December 1990 – January 1991                         
A Family Tradition: Inuit Art from Canada’s Arctic
Presented by Arctic Inuit Art at the
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts
Richmond, Virginia, U.S.A.

February – June 1991                                      
Granville Island Canadian Inuit Sculpture Exhibition
(first exhibition)
Vancouver Inuit Art Society
Vancouver, British Columbia

May 1991                                                         
Inuit Music In Art: Singing and Dancing and Playing
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

June – September 1991                                   
Granville Island Canadian Inuit Sculpture Exhibition
(second exhibition)
Vancouver Inuit Art Society
Vancouver, British Columbia

November – December 1991                             
Inuit Sculpture: Displayed in Conjunction with the 1991 Cape Dorset Annual Graphics Collection
Muscarelle Museum of Art
Williamsburg, Virginia, U.S.A.

December 1991 – March 1992                           
In Cape Dorset We Do It This Way: Three Decades of Inuit Printmaking
McMichael Canadian Collection
Kleinburg, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

February – September 1992                              
Inuit Art: Drawings and Recent Sculpture
National Gallery of Canada
Ottawa, Ontario

May 1992                                                         
Our Hoods Are Full
Arctic Artistry
Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, U.S.A.

November – December 1992                             
Inuit Sculpture – New Acquisitions
Pucker Gallery
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
(illustrated brochure)

December 1992                                                
Small Sculpture by Great Artists I
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

March – June 1993                                           
Strange Scenes: Early Cape Dorset Drawings
McMichael Canadian Collection
Kleinburg, Ontario

November 1993 - March 1994                            
The Inuit Imagination
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba

December 1993                                                
Small Sculptures by Great Artists II
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

May – August 1994                                           
On Collectors and Collecting:
Selections from the Herb and Cece Schreiber Family Collection
The Art Gallery of Hamilton
Hamilton, Ontario
(illustrated brochure)

May – August 1994                                           
Selections from the Herb and Cece Schreiber Collection
Art Gallery of Hamilton
Hamilton, Ontario

July 1994                                                         
Arctic Spirit
35 Years of Canadian Inuit Art
Frye Art Museum
Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.

October 1994                                                   
Sculpture of the Inuit: Major Works by the Masters of Stone
Maslak McLeod Canadian Art
Santa Fe, New Mexico, U.S.A.

October                                                          
Sculpture of the Inuit
Maslak McLeod
Santa Fe, New Mexico, U.S.A.

November – December 1994                             
Small Sculpture by Great Artists III
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

January – February 1995                                   
The Collector’s Eye
Inuit Art from Private Collection
Albers Gallery
San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
(illustrated brochure)

March – July 1995                                            
Immaginario Inuit
Arte e cultura degli esquimesi canadesi
Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Conemporanea
Verona, Italy
(illustrated catalogue)

May – September 1995                                    
Keeping Our Stories Alive:
An Exhibition of the Art and Crafts from Dene and Inuit of Canada
Institute of American Indian Arts Museum
Santa Fe, New Mexico, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

October – December 1995                                
Canadian Inuit Sculpture
The Next Generation
Orca Aart Gallery
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

November 1995                                               
Inspiration
Four Decades of Sculpture
Marion Scott Gallery
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

June 1996                                                        
Images of our Past
Art of Man Gallery
(illustrated catalogue)

October 1996                                                   
A Private Collection: 1960 – 1969
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

October – November 1996                                
Old Friends
Selections from the Klamer Family Collection of Inuit Art
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

November 1996                                                
Small Sculpture by Great Artists V
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

November – December 1996                             
Emerging Spirit
Banff Centre
Organized by Northern Art Impressions Inc.
Banff, Alberta
(illustrated catalogue)

November – December 1996                            
Sculpture Inuit
Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec
Montreal, Quebec
(brochure)

January 1997                                                    
Stories in Stone: A Canadian Inuit Art Exhibition held on the occasion of the trade mission to Korea lead by Prime Minister Jean Chretien
Held at the Westin Chosun Hotel organized by McKnight Associates
Seoul, Korea
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

November 1997                                                
Graphite and Stone
Sculpture & Drawing: Baffin Artists in two mediums
Spirit Wrestler Gallery
Vancouver, British Columbia
(llustrated catalogue)
                                                                   
ARCTIC ART – Master Works
Arctic Art Museum
Vancouver, British Columbia

1998 – 1999                                                     
CANADIAN-INUIT-DENE-METIS - ARCTIC ART
Canada Place
Arctic Art Museum
Vancouver, British Columbia

November 1998                                                
Sculpture from Canadian Arctic
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

October 1999                                                   
Horizons
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

April 2000                                                        
Kiawak Ashoona: The Artist’s Hand
Inuit Sculpture Portfolio
Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

June – July 2000                                              
Die Kunst aus der Arktis
Exhibition Title: Art in Stone
Canadian Arctic Gallery (Grunder)
Hammerstrasse 50, Basel, Switzerland
(illustrated catalogue)

June – September 2000                                    
Arctic Spirit – Canadian Inuit Sculpture
Boise State University
Boise, Idaho, U.S.A.

June                                                                
Cross-Currents
Cape Dorset in the 1960’s
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

June – July 2001                                              
Transitions 2
Indian and Inuit Art Centre
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
Montreal, Quebec
(tour)
(illustrated catalogue)

November                                                        
Small Sculpture by Great Artists
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

November                                                        
Small Sculpture by Great Artists (November 2001)
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario

September 2002 – May 2003                             
Terra Cognita: The Land We Know
McMichael Canadian Art Collection
Kleinburg, Ontario

November - December 2003                              
Honouring the Master Carvers
Eskimo Art Gallery
Toronto, Ontario

May – March 2004                                            
The Jerry Twomey Collection
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(illustrated catalogue)

Spring 2005                                                     
Cape Dorset Sculpture
Spirit Wrestler Gallery
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)
March – June 2005                                          
Itukiagatta
National Gallery of Canada
Ottawa, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

2006                                                                
Mini-Masterworks
Spirit Wrestler Gallery
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

September – October, 2009                              
Power and Passion
Canadian Arctic Gallery
Basel, Switzerland

August – January, 2010                                    
The Inuit Sea Goddess
Museum of Inuit Art
Toronto, Ontario

December, 2010                                               
Small Sculptures by Great Artists
Feheley Fine Arts
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated catalogue)

April, 2011                                                       
Inuit Modern: The Samuel and Esther Sarick Collection
Art Gallery of Ontario
Toronto, Ontario
(Illustrated catalogue)

SOLO EXHIBITIONS:

March 1980                                                      
Kiawak Ashoona
Theo Waddington Gallery
New York, New York, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

May – June 1980                                             
Kiawak Ashoona – Stone Sculpture
Waddington Galleries
Toronto, Ontario
(illustrated brochure)

November 1985                                               
Kiawak Ashoona
Aus Cape Dorset, Baffin Island, Nordkanada
Inuit Galerie
Mannheim, Germany

August – September 1986                                 
Kiugak Ashoona – Recent Sculpture
Houston North Gallery
Lunenburg, Nova Scotia

May 1991                                                         
Kiawak
Marion Scott Gallery
Vancouver, British Columbia
(illustrated catalogue)

November – December 1996                            
Kiawak Ashoona
Aus Cape Dorset, Baffin Island
Inuit Galerie
Mannheim, Germany

October – November 2001                               
Kiawak Ashoona – Master Carver
Albers Galley of Inuit Art
San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
(illustrated catalogue)

August – December, 2010                                
Kiugak Ashoona
Stories and Imaginings from Cape Dorset
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg, Manitoba
(illustrated catalogue)

COLLECTIONS:

Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.A.
Amway Environmental Foundation Collection, Ada, Michigan, U.S.A.
Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario
Art Gallery of York University, Downsview, Ontario
Canada Council Art Bank, Ottawa, Ontario
Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec, Montreal, Quebec
Canadian Museum of Civilization, Hull, Quebec
Dennos Museum Center, Northwestern Michigan College, Traverse City, Michigan, U.S.A.
Glenbow Museum, Calgary, Alberta
Inuit Art Centre, Indian and Northern Affairs, Ottawa, Ontario
Inuit Cultural Institute, Rankin Inlet, NWT
Klamer Family Collection, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario
Macdonald Stewart Art Centre, Guelph, Ontario
McMaster University Art Gallery, Hamilton, Ontario
McMichael Canadian Collection, Kleinburg, Ontario
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, New York, U.S.A.
Musee d’art Inuit Brousseau, Quebec City, Quebec
Musee des beaux-arts de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec
Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York, U.S.A.
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
Nunatta Sunaqutangit Museum, Iqaluit, NWT
Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre, Yellowknife, NWT
Sarick Collection, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario
Simon Fraser Gallery, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia
Swinton Collection, Winnipeg Art Gallery, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Toronto-Dominion Bank Collection, Toronto, Ontario
University of Lethbridge Art Gallery, Lethbridge, Alberta
Winnipeg Art Gallery, Winnipeg, Manitoba

HONOURS, ACHIEVEMENTS and EVENTS:

1959     Kiawak attended the opening of the exhibit, “Eskimo Carvers at Stratford”, which was held during the 1959 Stratford Festival, Stratford, Ontario.

1971     Travelled to Vancouver to attend the opening of the Sculpture/Inuit Exhibition.

1971     Kiawak’s sculpgture, “Howling Spirit (Tornrak) and Its Young” (1962) is featured on the cover of the SCULPTURE/INUIT catalogue.

1980     A sculpture by Kiawak entitled, “Sedna” was reproduced on a seventeen-cent stamp issued on September 25, 1980.

1987     One of Ashoona’s carvings was present to U.S. president, Ronald Reagan at the Summit Meeting of June 21, 1988 in Toronto, Ontario.

1989     Attended the opening of the “Masters of the Arctic” exhibition in New York.

1997     Recipient of the National Aboriginal Achievement Award in Calgary, Alberta on February 7, 1997.
2000     Awarded Canada Council for the Arts Molson Prize for outstanding lifetime contribution to the cultural and intellectual life of Canada, (Arts).

SELECTED REFERENCES:

ARTS OF THE ESKIMO: PRINTS; /Ed. By Ernst Roch.  Texts by Patrick Furneaux and Leo Rosshandler.  Montreal: Signum Press in association with Oxford University Press, Toronto, 1974.

IM SCHATTEN DER SONNE.  Zeitgenoessische Kunst der Indianer und Eskimos in Kanada.  (In the Shadow of  the Sun: Contemporary Art of the Indians and Eskimos in Canada).  Stuttgart: Edition Cantz.  Ottawa: Canadian Museum of Civilization, 1988.

INUIT SPIRITS: Theme of New Postage Stamps.  News/North, Vol. 25, September 19,1980. [1]p.

Blodgett, Jean
CHRISTIANITY AND INUIT ART.  The Beaver, Autumn, 1984. Pp.16 – 25.

Blodgett, Jean
GRASP TIGHT THE OLD WAYS: Selections from the Klamer Family Collection of Inuit Art.
Toronto:  Art Gallery of Ontario, 1983.

Blodgett, Jean
IN CAPE DORSET WE DO IT THIS WAY: THREE DECADES OF INUIT PRINTMAKING:
Jean Blodgett/with essays by Heather Ardies, Leslie Boyd and Linda Sutherland.  Kleinburg,
McMichael Canadian Art Collection, 1991.

Blodgett, Jean
SELECTIONS FROM THE JOHN AND MARY ROBERTSON COLLECTON OF INUIT SCULPTURE. Kingston, Ontario: Queens University, The Agnes  Etherington Art Centre, 1986.

Blodgett, Jean and Susan Gustavison
STRANGE SCENES:  EARLY CAPE DORSET DRAWINGSL  Kleinburg, Ontario: McMichael Canadian Collection, 1993.

C.T.V. Television Network
KIAWAK ASHOONA.  A five minute colour videotape of a CTV W5 program, produced by Gordon Henderson, 1980.

Canada. Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.
INUNNIT: The Art of the Canadian Eskimo – L’art des Eskimaux du Canada./ by W.T. Larmour.  French translation by Jacques Brunet.  Ottawa: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1967.

Canadian Eskimo Arts Council
SCULPTURE/INUIT:  Sculpture of the Inuit: Masterworks of the Canadian Arctic – La sculpture chez les Inuit: chefs-d’oeuvre de l’Arctique canadien.  Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
London:  Aidan Ellis Publishing, 1971.

Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec
CANADIAN GUILD OF CRAFTS QUEBEC – GUILDE CANADIENNE DES METIERS D’ART QUEBEC: The Permanent Collection: Inuit Arts and Crafts, c. 1900 – 1980.  Montreal: Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec, 1980.

Discoll, Bernadette
UUMAJUT: Animal Imagery in Inuit Art.  Winnipeg: Winnipeg Art Gallery, 1985.

Drolet, Jean-Paul
THE ART THAT CAME IN FROM THE COLD. Ottawa: XII International Congress of the International Society of Photogrammetry, 1972.

Gillmor, Allsion
THE ASHOONA FAMILY OF CAPE DORSET.  Inuit Art Quarterly, 10(2) Summer 1995, pp. 38-39.

Goetz, Helga
THE CONTEMPORARY ESKIMO PRINTS AND SCULPTURE.  Fort Worth: Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, 1977.

Houston, James A.
INUIT SCULPTURE:  The Spirit in the Stone.  Town and Country, Vol. 137, No. 5042, November, 1983.  Pp. 315-317, 322-323.

Innuit Gallery of Eskimo Art
MONUMENTS IN STONE:  Recent Sculpture from Cape Dorset.
Toronto: The Innuit Gallery of Eskimo Art, 1988.

Institute of American Indian Arts Museum
KEEPING OUR STORIES ALIVE:  An Exhibition of Arts and Crafts from Dene and Inuit of Canada.  Santa Fe, N.M.: Institute of American Native Arts Museum, 1995.

Inuit Art Collection
CAPE DORSET: Sculptors and their Sculpture.  Manchester, Conn.: The Inuit Art Collection, 1981.

Inuit Galerie
KIAWAK ASHOONA.  Mannheim: Federal Republic of Germany, Inuit Gallerie, 1987.

Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
BAFFIN ISLAND SCULPTURE. Vancouver, B.C.: Inuit Gallery, 1986.

Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
CAPE DORSET SCULPTURE: Fantasy and Stylization.  Vancouver: Inuit Gallery of Vancouver, 1983.

Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
INUIT MASTERWORKS:   November 3 – November 24, 1990.  Vancouver, B.C.: Inuit Gallery of Vancouver, 1990.

Inuit Gallery of Vancouver
SCULPTURE OF THE INUIT: Masterworks Exhibitors of the Canadian Arctic. Vancouver: Inuit Gallery, 1979.

Jackson, Marion E.
INUIT SCULPTURE FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. AND MRS. EUGENE B. POWER.
Ann Arbor, Michigan: The University of Michigan Museum of Art, 1979.

Jackson, Marion E.
THE ASHOONAS OF CAPE DORSET: In Touch with Tradition.
North/Nord, Vol. 29, No. 3, Fall, 1982. Pp. 14-18.

Leechman, Douglas
ESKIMO SCULPTURE IN STONE.  Canadian Geographical Journal, Vol. 49, No. 3, September, 1954.  Pp. 90-99.

Lipton, Barbara
ARCTIC VISION: Art of the Canadian Inuit.  Ottawa: Canadian Arctic Producers, 1984.

Macduff, Alistair
LORDS OF THE STONE: An Anthology of Eskimo Sculpture./ By Alistair Macduff.  Photographs by George M. Galpin.  North Vancouver, Whitecap Books, 1982.

Mangold, Guido
KUNST DIE AUS DER KALTE KOMMT. Geo Special, No. 6, Mittwoch, 7.12.1988. pp. 118-130.

Marion Scott Gallery
KIAWAK.  Vancouver: Marion Scott Gallery, 1991.

McMichael Canadian Collection
THE MCMICHAEL CANADIAN COLLECTION.  Kleinburg: McMichael Canadian Collection, 1979.

Millard, Peter
ON QUALITY IN ART: Who decides.  Inuit Art Quarterly, Vol. 7, No. 3, Summer/Fall 1992, pp. 4-14.

Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
CULTURES OF THE SUN AND THE SNOW – CULTURES DU SOLEIL ET DE LA NEIGE.
Montreal:  Montreal: Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, 1973.

National Museum of Man
THE INUIT PRINT – L’ESTAMPE INUIT: A Travelling Exhibition…- Une exposition itinerante…Ottawa: National Museum of Man, National Museum of Canada, 1977.

Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery
The JACQUI AND MORRIS SHUMIATCHER COLLECTION OF INUIT ART.
Regina: The Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery, 1981.

Oxorn, Pearl
AN INUIT’S TRIBUTE TO CONTAIN FAMILY UNITY.  Ottawa Journal, October 23, 1976.

Queens Museum, Flushing, New York
ESKIMO ART. Flushing, N.Y.: The Queens County Art and Cultural Center, 1974.

Richie, Carson, I.A.
THE ESKIMO AND HIS ART. Toronto: The Macmillan Company of Canada, 1974.
(London and New York, 1975).

Robertson Galleries
CARVINGS AND PRINTS BY THE FAMILY OF PITSEOLAK.  Ottawa: The Robertson Galleries, 1967.

Robertson Galleries
ESKIMO SCULPTURE ’69. Ottawa: The Robertson Galleries, 1969.

Routledge, Marie
INUIT ART IN THE 1970’s/L’ART INUIT ACTUEL: 1970 1979. Kingston, Ontario; The Agnes Etherington Art Centre, 1979.
Routledge, Marie
KIAWAK ASHOONA: Sculpture. Cape Dorset: Kinngait Press, 1980.

Routledge, Marie
KIUGAK ASHOONA: In the Canadian Encyclopedia, James H. Marsh, Editor-in-Chief.
Edmonton:  Hurtig  Publishers, 2:945, 1985.

Routledge, Marie and Ingo Hessel
REGIONAL DIVERSITY IN CONTEMPORARY INUIT SCULPTURE. Inuit Art Quarterly: Vol. 5,         No. 3, Summer 1990, pp. 11-23.

Seidelman, Harold and James Turner
THE INUIT IMAGINATION: Arctic Myth and Sculpture.
Vancouver/Toronto: Douglas & McIntyre, 1993.

Swinton, George
SCULPTURE OF THE ESKIMO.  Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1972.
Swinton, George
THE INUIT PHENOMENON:  Eskimo Sculpture of Canadian Art.
Artmagazine, Nos. 38-39, June, 1978. Pp. 95-101.

Toronto-Dominion Bank
THE ESKIMO ART COLLECTION OF THE TORONTO-DOMINION BANK
Toronto: The Toronto-Dominion Bank, 1972.

Verona.  Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Conemporanea
IMMAGINARIO INUIT: ARTE E CULTURA DEGLI ESQUIMESICANADESI.
Commune di Verona: Gallerie d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Palazzo Forti, 1995.

Waddington Galleries
ESKIMO SCULPURE. Montreal: Waddington Galleries, 1974.

Webb, Marshall
THE TORONTO DOMINION GALLERY OF INUIT ART.  Toronto, Ontario: Inuit Art Quarterly1(2): 8-9, 1986.

Winnipeg Art Gallery
CAPE DORSET. Winnipeg: The Winnipeg Art Gallery, 1979.

Winnipeg Art Gallery
CAPE DORSET: Selected Sculpture from the Collection of the Winnipeg Art Gallery.
Winnipeg: The Winnipeg Art Gallery, 1975.